Mars has two small and irregularly shaped moons, Phobos and Deimos. The smooth Borealis basin in the Northern Hemisphere covers 40% of the planet and may be a giant impact feature. Olympus Mons, the largest volcano and highest known mountain on any Solar System planet, and Valles Marineris, one of the largest canyons in the Solar System, are on Mars. Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere, with surface features such as impact craters, valleys, dunes, and polar ice caps. ![]() The latter refers to the effect of the iron oxide prevalent on Mars's surface, which gives it a striking reddish appearance in the sky. In English, Mars carries the name of the Roman god of war and is often called the " Red Planet". ![]() ![]() Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System, being larger than only Mercury.
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